The focus in this business area is on combining hydrological modeling with a wide variety of methods and data from hydrogeology and geology, such as surveys, mapping, hydrogeological and geological expertises, isotope hydrology, etc. The models are applied in water balance studies, for the analysis of different runoff components (e.g. surface runoff), in flood forecasting and in regional flood risk analyses as well as in the estimation of the impact of climate or land use changes on the water balance.
An important part in catchment hydrology are analyses of meteorological-hydrological data, special hydrological situations and events. They are also documented in reports and in some cases archived in databases. Data analyses are often accompanied by analyses of events that occurred and anomalies observed, e.g. caused by human intervention or by exceptional hydrological situations (e.g. drought, heavy rainfall, intensive snowmelt).
Typical processing areas are:
Event analyses provide a basis for evaluations and assessments of various hydrological situations and influences. In some projects, the cause-effect analyses can be supported by hydrological models. Since many catchment models at JR-AquaConSol have a process-oriented, area-detailed character, they can be used as a tool for analyzing the area response to different events, for evaluating different influences, but also for identifying data errors.
In watershed hydrology, the focus is on the following data- and model-based assessment tasks:
Different models are available to address the various issues: detailed, spatially differentiated models with strong physical reference, but also simpler block models (“black box”) for rapid water balance estimates.
The spatially differentiated modeling is based on so-called hydrotopes or” Hydrological Response Units” (HRUs). However, in JR-AquaConSol, walkovers and mapping are considered as key tools to define spatial distribution and a priori parameters.
In general, the choice of models and parameters for the individual questions as well as the designation of uncertainties is based on ÖWAV guidance document 220 “Rainfall-runoff modeling”, in the preparation of which JR-AquaConSol played a leading role.
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